Artificial intelligence has triggered a new round of technological transformation, bringing challenges and opportunities to computer education in universities. The study analyzes the characteristics of generative artificial intelligence, explores its potential application in teaching, and elaborates on the new challenges faced by current computer education in universities, including the poor effectiveness of hierarchical teaching, the need to improve the practical ability of curriculum design, the need to strengthen the synchronization between textbook updates and new technologies. Based on this, corresponding development strategies are proposed, including building intelligent teaching platforms and conducting personalized learning; introducing project-based learning, strengthening practical operation and evaluation feedback; generating learning materials from multiple sources and continuously updating teaching content.