With the rapid development of information technology, big data analysis has become the core driving force for educational change. In the field of computer education, personalized teaching strategy significantly improves the teaching quality and learning effect by adapting to the individual differences of students. Based on big data analysis technology, this paper discusses the implementation path of personalized teaching in computer education: through the construction of a learning behavior data analysis model, the dynamic customization of teaching content, relying on intelligent recommendation algorithms, optimizing personalized learning path; combined with a multi-dimensional evaluation system, improving the teaching feedback mechanism. At the same time, for the current challenges of computer education, such as rapid technology iteration, large differences in students’ foundation, and uneven resource allocation, we propose a solution that integrates big data technology and verifies the effectiveness of the strategy through case studies. The study aims to provide theoretical references and practical paradigms for the intelligent and personalized development of computer education.